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File Explorer
Let’s you open, make, delete files and directories
Search
Let’s you search the whole project for a word or phrase, and let’s you replace it too
Source Control
Integrates with Git to help you track what changes need to be added/committed
I’m not a big fan of using this, I like using Git in the Command Line better
Debug
Allows you to run your code step by step to find bugs
I haven’t really ever used this, it is especially useless for embedded code and firmware
Remote Explorer
Lets you SSH into other computers and develop on them
Extensions
This is the true bread and butter of VSCode, where you can download extensions that the community/VSCode has made to help format your code, check for syntax errors, build code, etc.
There’s even an extension where you can get a virtual pet for while you code
This is where you can install PlatformIO and STM32 VSCode Extension
Testing
This is where users can write and utilize testing scripts/frameworks to test their code before releasing it